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Stem Cell Gene Therapy Appears Safe, May Protect Cells against HIV Infection

A gene therapy technique that alters an HIV positive person's blood-producing stem cells to make them resistant to the virus appeared safe and led to stable populations of resistant cells in a small study described in the June 16, 2010 online edition of Science Translational Medicine, paving the way for further proof-of-concept studies of this approach.

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Monoclonal Antibody PRO 140 Suppresses HIV Viral Load with Once-weekly Dosing

Subcutaneous injections of PRO 140, a humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks the CCR5 co-receptor and inhibits HIV entry into cells, reduced viral load significantly more than placebo, according to a study described in the May 15, 2010 Journal of Infectious Diseases. PRO 140 worked well when administered once-weekly, offering proof-of-concept for an antiretroviral therapy that can be taken less often than current drugs.

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CROI 2010: Vitamin D Deficiency is Widespread among People with HIV in U.S., Europe, and Africa

Low levels of vitamin D are common among HIV positive people around the world, especially in seasons when people get less sun exposure, according to a series of studies presented at the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2010) last month in San Francisco. Vitamin D deficiency promotes bone loss and has been linked to conditions including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and vaginal inflammation.

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Gilead Begins First Phase 3 Clinical Trials of Boosted Elvitegravir Quad Pill

Gilead Sciences announced this week that the first participants have started receiving therapy in Phase 3 trials of the "Quad" pill, a 4-in-1 coformulation containing the experimental integrase inhibitor elvitegravir, the new booster cobicistat (GS 9350), tenofovir, and emtricitabine. As reported recently at the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2010), the Quad pill performed as well as Atripla (the 3-in-1 efavirenz, tenofovir, and emtricitabine coformulation) in a head-to-head Phase 2 trial. The Phase 3 trials will compare the Quad pill versus efavirenz and boosted atazanavir (Reyataz) in treatment-naive patients.

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FDA Updates Etravirine (Intelence) Label with Additional Information on Drug Interactions

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) last week announced that the product label for the next-generation NNRTI etravirine (Intelence) has been updated to include new information about drug-drug interactions with the boosted protease inhibitor lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra), the antifungal agents fluconazole (Diflucan) and voriconazole (VFEND), and the anti-clotting medication clopidogrel (Plavix).

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San Francisco Health Officials Announce New Policy of Universal HIV Treatment Regardless of CD4 Cell Count

Providers at San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) and other facilities run by the San Francisco Department of Public Health (SFDPH) are now offering antiretroviral therapy (ART) to all patients who test HIV positive, regardless of CD4 cell count. At a community forum this week, health officials and researchers discussed the policy change, the scientific evidence supporting earlier therapy, and potential concerns including increased cost and need for adherence support. 

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CROI 2010: ART Intensification with Maraviroc (Selzentry) or Raltegravir (Isentress) May Improve Immune Activation and Inflammation

The CCR5 antagonist maraviroc (Selzentry) was associated with reduced immune activation and inflammation in 3 studies presented at the 17th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI 2010) last month in San Francisco. The integrase inhibitor raltegravir (Isentress) may also have some inflammation-dampening effect, but 3 recent studies produced mixed results.

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